Good info by Johnwen and Owen. I can offer something also as I've had pretty extensive personal experience with lyme.
I used to work as an arborist which put me in nearly constant risk of deer-tick bites. Over a period of 10 years I had Lyme four times! Twice I located the tick followed by the "bull's eye rash" -- which is the
most certain evidence that one is infected by lyme (borrelia). (The ELISA and Western Blot are helpful if one does not have the primary tick-bite evidence, but are not completely reliable. A knowledgeable lyme specialist uses those tests in combination with an analysis of your symptoms.)
Two of the times I had lyme the tick/rash was identified immediately, and a few weeks of Doxycycline (antibiotic) took care of it. But one time I never saw a tick/bite or rash, I just got sick. My knees became too painful for walking and I was on crutches for 5 months. During that period the doctors did not know what was wrong. With the help of the internet I finally diagnosed the problem myself as lyme and went to see a lyme specialist who confirmed it. By that time it was "advanced lyme" which required much more than the conventional doxy or amoxycyline. I was put on IV Rocephin daily for 10 weeks (accompanied with diarrhea daily). At that point "regulations" required stopping it for one month, and then probably resuming with a different IV antibiotic.
Instead of waiting I immediately took up herbalist Stephen Buhner's recommendations for treating lyme as indicated in his book,
Healing Lyme. No drugs, only herbs and nutritional supplements, which I followed to the max with one exception: Buhner recommended 1,000 mg of vitamin C 3xday (3,000). But I had heard about too much C causing kidney stone so I took only a small fraction of that (which of course was a mistake, doh!
). But I took lots of other antioxidants. The herbs and nutrients were helping so much that I did not bother going back for the 30-day test. In just 3 months on the new protocol I was back climbing trees again (part time, but hey, I was 65.) (Out of work for 10 months total.)
Three years later, I got another tick bite/rash lyme infection. I tried to treat it with Buhner's stuff alone, no antibiotics. But I very gradually got sicker. The lyme specialist had a 2-month waiting list, so by the time I got to see him it was advanced lyme again. But this time it turned out I had a "co-infection" called babesia (similar to malaria), which I suppose is why I got sick regardless of Buhner's protocol, I guess. The new doc worked with me combining oral antibiotics with herbs and nutritional supplements. It worked well enough that I was able to resume climbing trees almost immediately (2-3 day/wk), but it took two years before the blood test indicated that I was finally free of both diseases. During that entire period I was still under the misapprehension about C and kidney stones so I had to take only small amount of vitamin C. It might have gone better, but at least I'm "clean." (My doc was not particularly knowledgeable on vitamin C, but he worked with me on incorporating much of Buhner's protocol.)
Since then I've learned much more about nutrition and supplements. I think it is possible to beat lyme (and babesia) without antibiotics, but it takes considerable discipline and a lot of money on supplements that insurance does not cover. I'm not absolutely opposed to antibiotics. You have to work with the doc.
Very important: Find an experienced Lyme Specialist. Conventional docs/GPs are usually worthless with advanced lyme. A good lyme doc will include herbs and nutritional supplements in the protocol.